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Islam is the second largest religion in Norway after various forms of Christianity, with Muslims representing 2.4% of the population according to official statistical data.〔(Religious communities and life stance communities, 1 January 2013 )〕 However, other sources give estimates of 1-3.7%.〔(Eurobarometer, p. 382 )〕〔http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe/#1〕 The majority of Muslims in Norway are Sunni, with a significant Shia minority. In 2013, government statistics registered 120,882 members of Islamic congregations in Norway, 7.7% more than in 2012.〔(Religious communities and life stance communities, 1 January 2013 )〕 55% lived in the counties of Oslo and Akershus. Scholarly estimates regarding the number of people of Islamic background in Norway vary between 120,000 (2005) and 163,000 (2009).〔 (Islam i Norge )〕 The vast majority have an immigrant background, with Norwegians of Pakistani descent being the most visible and well-known group. ==History== Icelandic annals relate the arrival of embassies from the Muslim sultan of Tunis in Norway in the 1260s, after King Håkon Håkonsson had sent embassies to the Sultan with rich gifts. The population of Muslims in the country has not been noticeable until the latter half of the 20th century, however. Immigration from Muslim countries to Norway began late compared to other western-European countries, and didn't gather pace until the late 1960s. In 1975, labor immigration to Norway was halted, but rules for family reunification were relatively relaxed for several more years. The number of Muslims in Norway was first registered in official statistics in 1980, when it was given as 1006. These statistics are based on membership of a registered congregation, and it is most likely that the low number is due to the fact that few Muslims were members of a mosque. Historian of religion Kari Vogt estimates that 10% of Norwegian Muslims were members of a mosque in 1980, a proportion which had increased to 70% by 1998. Being a member of a mosque was an alien concept to many immigrants from Muslim countries. In Norway, it is necessary for the mosques to register their members, because government grants to religious congregations outside the state church are based on the number of registered members. The number of registered members of mosques increased to 80,838 in 2004, but have since dropped to 72,023 in 2006. Part of the reason for the drop could be a new methodology in the compilation of statistics.〔 (Trus- og livssynssamfunn utanfor Den norske kyrkja, 2006 )〕 In the end of the 1990s, Islam passed the Roman Catholic Church and Pentecostalism to become the largest minority religion in Norway, provided Islam is seen as one group. However, as of 2013, the Roman Catholic Church regained its position as the largest minority religion in Norway due to increasing immigration from European countries and less immigration from Muslim-majority countries. In 2004, the registered Muslims were members of 92 different congregations. 40 of these were based in Oslo or Akershus counties. In 2010 a muslim from Örebro in Sweden wanted to build a mosque in Tromsø with money from Saudi Arabia but the Norwegian government declined to give permission on the grounds that Saudi Arabia has no freedom of religion. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Islam in Norway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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